Which of the following methods is considered a last option for controlling bleeding?

The use of a tourniquet is typically viewed as a last resort for controlling bleeding primarily due to its invasive nature and the potential complications associated with its application. Tourniquets are designed to restrict blood flow to a limb, thereby reducing blood loss from a traumatic injury. However, they can also cause tissue damage if left on for an extended period, as they effectively cut off circulation not just to the wound, but to the entire limb.

In contrast, other methods such as direct pressure, elevation, and pressure points are considered more appropriate first-line interventions for controlling bleeding. Direct pressure involves applying firm pressure directly over the wound, which can help to promote clotting and minimize blood loss. Elevation of the injured limb helps to decrease blood flow to the area by utilizing gravity and is often used in combination with direct pressure. Pressure points refer to strategically applying pressure to specific arteries located near the surface of the skin to decrease blood flow to the affected area.

Using a tourniquet should generally be reserved for situations where other methods have failed to control severe bleeding or in cases of life-threatening hemorrhage, making it an essential tool, but one that is employed after less invasive techniques have been tried.